The purpose of this assignment is to critically analyze examples of mistaken correlation versus causation and propose a study design that could be used to gain insights into the relationship in question.  

Read the "Vitamin D and SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Severity and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis” case example related to Vitamin D and COVID-19, located in Topic 4 Resources. It is important to understand the difference between correlation and causation, how it can lead to misinformation, its implications, and ways to address it through proper study design. Evaluate correlation and causation to discern between relationships that are merely associative and those that are causally linked. 

Research and Example Selection:

1. Each learner should research and find their own example of a widely reported health-related case from the media that illustrates an example of mistaken correlation versus causation. This example should involve an incorrectly drawn conclusion about a medical treatment, health supplement, or preventive measure.
2. The chosen example should include initial claims that were later challenged or disproven by further research or expert analysis.

Written Paper

Write a 750-1,000-word paper addressing the following:

What was the mistake?

1. Identify and explain the error made in the initial reporting or interpretation of the health information related to your chosen example.
2. Highlight any assumptions or misrepresentations that contributed to the spread of misinformation. Discuss the role of correlation versus causation in the claims you evaluated.

What went wrong?

1. Discuss how the misinformation was propagated and the role of various stakeholders (e.g., media, public figures, researchers) in its dissemination.
2. Explain the societal or public health impacts of this incorrectly drawn conclusion.

How could the study be changed?

1. Reflect on what changes could have improved the original studies or claims to prevent incorrectly drawn conclusions.

General Requirements

You are required to cite a minimum of two sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years, appropriate for the assignment criteria, and relevant to health care.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. 

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. 

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.